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1996-06-01
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MIDICraft's Guide to Standard MIDI Files
STANDARD MIDIFILES (SMF).
In recent years most manufactures have made their keyboards and tone
modules to conform to a standard Voice List and Drum Set. Where this has
been done there is usually a LOGO on the equipment which reads GM/GS. This
simply means that the equipment conforms to General MIDI. By virtue of
this, it means that any performance data created on GM/GS equipment can be
freely interchanged and be played accurately on any other equipment. i.e.
music composed or sequenced on say a Roland JV30 can be played through say
a Roland Sound Canvas or Yamaha TG100 or any other GM/GS keyboard or sound
module.This in turn has led to software companies manufacturing their own
Standard MIDI Files which can be purchased and used for enhanced 'Backing
Music' for singers or bands.
Why not enquire from "MIDICraft" about their comprehensive list of SMF's.
When creating SMF's it is considered good practise to include various set-
upcontrollers to set the play parameters of the module or synth that may be
in use. These are usually 'Stored' in bar 1 and maybe spreading into bar 2.
The important controllers to use are as follows-:
CONTROL 121 RESET ALL CONTROLLERS
RESETS VOL TO 100 (NORMAL LEVEL, BUT CAN BE INCREASED TO 127)
EXPRESSION TO 127 (MAX)
PITCHBEND TO 64 (NO BEND)
PANNING TO 64 (CENTRE)
SUSTAIN TO 0 (SUSTAIN OFF)
MODULATION TO 0 ( MODULATION OFF)
REVERB TO 0 (REVERB LEVEL OFF)
CHORUS TO 0 (CHORUS LEVEL OFF)
ALL NOTES OFF (KILLS ANY STUCK NOTES THAT MAYBE STILL SOUNDING)
CONTROL 0 + CONTROL 32 SELECTS GM SOUND-SET IN A MULTI-SOUND MODULE
CONTROL 7 VOLUME RANGE 0(OFF) - 127 (MAX)
CONTROL 10 PANNING RANGE 0 (FULL RIGHT) - 64 (CENTRE) - 127 (FULL LEFT)
CONTROL 11 EXPRESSION RANGE 0 (OFF) - 127 (MAX)
CONTROL 1 MODULATION RANGE 0-64 (OFF) - 65-127 (ON)
CONTROL 64 SUSTAIN RANGE 0-64 (OFF) - 65-127 (ON)
CONTROL 91 REVERB RANGE 0 (OFF) - 127 (MAX)
CONTROL 93 CHORUS RANGE 0 (OFF) - 127 (MAX)
PROGRAM 0-127 DEPENDING ON THE CHOSEN VOICE
THE FOLLOWING MUST BE USED TOGETHER
CONTROL 101 0 MSB
CONTROL 100 0 LSB
USED TO ENTER THE PITCHBEND RANGE
CONTROL 6 DATA BYTE USED TO SET THE PITCHBEND RANGE (2 UP/DOWN 1
SEMITONE. 64 UP/DOWN 1 OCTAVE)
REFER TO YOUR SOUND MODULE USER MANUAL)
CONTROL 101 127 MSB
CONTROL 100 127 LSB
USED TO ACTIVATE PITCHBEND RANGE
A TYPICAL SET-UP FOR THE START OF A TRACK MAY
LOOK SOMETHING LIKE THIS
POSITION EVENT CHA -1- -2- LENGTH
1 1 1 1 CONTROL 1 121 0 RESET CONTROL
1 1 1 2 CONTROL 1 0 0 BANK SEL MSB
1 1 1 3 CONTROL 1 32 0 BANK SEL LSB
1 1 1 4 CONTROL 1 7 100 VOLUME
1 1 1 5 CONTROL 1 10 64 PANNING
1 1 1 6 CONTROL 1 1 127 EXPRESSION
1 1 1 7 CONTROL 1 91 64 REVERB
1 1 1 8 CONTROL 1 93 10 CHORUS
1 1 1 9 CONTROL 1 1 0 MODULATION
1 1 1 10 CONTROL 1 64 0 SUSTAIN
1 1 1 11 CONTROL 1 101 0 REG MSB
1 1 1 12 CONTROL 1 100 0 REG LSB
1 1 1 13 CONTROL 1 6 2 DATA ENT MSB
1 1 1 14 CONTROL 1 101 127 REG MSB
1 1 1 15 CONTROL 1 100 127 REG LSB
1 1 1 16 PROGRAM 1 48
1 1 1 20 CONTROL 2 121 0 RESET CONTROL
AND SO ON FOR THE REST OF CHAN 2 AND ALL
SUBSEQUENT CHANNELS.
As you can see, if the above controls are inserted for each channel used
there is very little left to chance for an SMF. to play other than
correctly, no matter what sound module or synth is used.
When you have all your music programed in and all editing done and you are
happy with the result then save it to disc using the 'SAVE MIDIFILE' option
and it will automatically have an extension of .MID. This means that you
can now give it to a friend or other third party to play on their GM/GS
module and they will hear it EXACTLY as you have programed it.
If you purchase any SMF's from software companies like "MIDICraft you will
find all of these 'Set Up Codes' already programed into the file. All it
leaves you to do is to either play and use it as it is or to edit the file
to your liking. i.e.
1. Ususally there is a guide vocal track on Track/Channel 16. This can be
deleted for live use.
2. Maybe there is already a Drummer and/or Bass player in your band. Simply
delete the Bass/Drums parts as these are to played 'Live'.
3. Maybe the instrument mix is not to your liking. The easiest way of
changing a 'Volume level Mix' is to-:
a. Remix to separate Tracks/Channels.
b. Using the Mouse Buttons, Increase/Decrease the VELOCITY levels whilst
playing back using the 'MAIN SCREEN'.
c. If the song is in the wrong key for your voice then Transpose the song
up/down to suit, again from the main screen.
NOTE: DO NOT TRANSPOSE THE DRUM TRACK
Most MIDI files have a Hi-Hat 'Count In' to enable your band to start
together but if you are solo singer and the song has a definate Intro, then
these can be deleted from Track 10.
4. When all is to your liking for each individual track then reasve the file
(Don't save over the original) to a blank floppy disk or your harddrive..
5. Mix down to FORMAT 0 (if required) then Re-Save and or Convert as a (SMF)
MIDI file. The new SMF will contain your re-mixed volume parameters..
You will find that Music-X is perfect for the creation and editing of (SMFs)
but if you do have difficuties or want advise on any matter concerning
Music-X then do not hesitate to give us a ring here at MIDICraft. We will
always do our best to sort out any problems.
MIDICraft Compositions and Arrangements
+44 01928 563762